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c) The global versus specific dimension can be assessed by asking
to what extent is a causal factor highly specific and limited to
a particular task or situation?
3. Attribution made will impact both emotions and subsequent
motivation settings, regardless of the true reason for success or failure;
thus beliefs are important because they lead to:
a) Different interpretations of past performance and general
worth
b) Different emotions, goals, and effort in the present situation
c) Different motivation in the future
4. Seligman posits explanatory style, the individual鈥檚 level of optimism or
pessimism, as affecting activity and passivity, persisting and giving
up, taking risks and playing it safe
a) Pessimistic attributional style focuses on causes of failure as
being internally generated, with situation and one鈥檚 role in
causing it as stable and global
b) Optimistic attributional style attributes failure to external causes
and to events that are unstable or modifiable and specific
c) Causal explanations reverse when outcome is a success
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CHAPTER 12: MOTIVATION
C. Work and Organizational Psychology
1. Organizational psychologists study various aspects of
a) Human relations
b) Overall quality of life at work
2. Apply theories of management, decision making, and development to
work
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