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alth.
1911 Eugene Bleuler coined the term “schizophrenia.”
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PSYCHOLOGY AND LIFE
19141918
World War I was fought.
1929 The Great Depression began in America.
1935 Portuguese psychiatrist Egas Moniz performed the first lobotomy.
1940s David Shakow was influential in establishing clinical training programs in
American universities.
1940s Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT) gained popularity as a therapeutic
tool.
19391945
World War II was fought.
1942 Carl Rogers published Counseling and Psychotherapy, introducing the client-
centered approach to therapy.
1950s Both psychosurgery and drug therapy were introduced in the U.S. Problems
with psychosurgery were eventually realized, and drug therapy proved
highly successful in controlling many types of psychological disorders.
1952 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association was
published.
1952 Hans Eysenck attacked the value of psychotherapy as a means of improving
mental health.
19501953
The Korean War was fought.
1958 Joseph Wolpe developed a therapeutic technique known as systematic
desensitization.
1961 Thomas Szasz published The Myth of Mental Illness, suggesting that
psychological disorders have been conceptualized incorrectly.
1963 President John F. Kennedy was assassinated.
1967 Neal Miller and colleagues performed experimental research leading to the
development of biofeedback.
1977 Albert Bandura published Social Learning Theory, suggesting modeling as a
therapeutic tool
1984 Researchers linked the neurotransmitter dopamine to schizophrenia.
1987 DSM-III-R was published.
1994 DSM-IV was published.
2000 DSM-IV-TR was published.
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CHAPTER 15: PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American
Psychiatric Association, 4th Ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Although
not totally turning the diagnostic system on its ear, there are sufficient changes to warrant
reading this latest edition-how else would one know that “multiple personality disorder” is
now “dissociative identity disorder”?