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nges are observed in response to extreme
heat or cold.
3. Cannon felt that changes occurring in the body, changes in the autonomic nervous system, were too
slow to provide the experience of emotion.
4. Cannon felt that if the James–Lange theory were correct, then exercise, which increases heart rate
and leads to other bodily changes, should produce an emotional response.
Cannon believed emotion to be associated with activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which, among
other functions, prepares an organism for fight or flight by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and other
bodily functions. Cannon argued that control of emotion was based in the thalamus, which receives
information from various senses and that emotional response patterns were activated by the thalamus
when external sensory information was received, via activation of the sympathetic nervous system. He felt
emotion occurred at the same time as activation of the body. His model looks like this:
PERCEPTION T BODILY CHANGES & EMOTION T BEHAVIOR
As an example of how this might look in real life, imagine meeting an angry bear in the woods:
SNARLING BEAR T INCREASE HEART RATE & FEAR T FIGHT OR FLIGHT!
The Schachter—Singer Theory
The Cognitive–Physiological Theory of Emotion, proposed by Schachter and Singer, suggests that
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